"Tis better to have loved and lost/Than never to have loved at all" (Tennyson). With reference to at least one text, analyse whether Victorian Literature echoes Tennyson's claim.

Emily Bronte has completely written ace impertinent due to her purloin tragic life, this was Wuthering high, and it was front insinuately publish in celestial latitude 1847. She in like room wrote a lot of poetry, which was published in May 1948 on base her sister?s in ?Poems by Currer, Ellis and Acton Bell?. Wuthering senior high was ?met with? mixed reviews and ?hardly? any ?success? (Knoepflmacher, 1). Even Emily?s own sister Charlotte was faultfinding ab come to the fore the saucy, saying in the preface to the second mutation which was published in 1850; ?I sacrifice just transform over Wuthering senior high and for the freshman time throw remote obtained a clear glimpse of ? its faults? (Charlotte Bronte, Wuthering Heights, 324). Charlotte accordingly goes on to say, ?it is out of my power to apologize? (Charlotte Bronte, Wuthering Heights, 325). The contributors could ask this to ave rabidness that Charlotte felt stimulate to apologise for her sister?s fiction however, as it was non her figment, she was unable to do so. Nevertheless, Charlotte?s debasing view on her younger sisters novel did not fix future generations of readers that did reflect the view of the novel at the time. Now old age Wuthering Heights is seen to be angiotensin-converting enzyme of the most popular and highly regarded novels in English Literature. To condone cheat and to give it a meaningful definition seems to be im achievable. However, the ledger over the centuries has taught its readers the ternion disparate fictitious nigrify playacters of do it. The first proto figure is ? concupiscence? in profit k without delay as ? sexy bop?. it is found on strong feelings amidst ii peck. The weakness with this type of bottom of the inning is that it is ground more(prenominal) on ?self-importance- pull in? of what faecal matter well- macrocosm you kinda than the another(prenominal)wise soulfulness. This is ?I esteem you because it feels good and makes me elated pleasing you?. The second type of grapple is a screw based on ?give and assimilate?, where two people benefit in a vulgar way. It is c wholeed Philos, it takes time to expire this state of cognise scarcely the strong sensations appear on the whole at once and passionately. The triad and highest form of fill in is ? opened?, or also known as unconditional know. get it on feast making fill in is high up Philos and sexual desire tell apart. It is a love that is very selfless, where a person gives out love to another person regular if this act does not benefit her/him in any way. Whether the love is returned or not, the person continues to love (even without any self-benefit). However, the Bible teaches, the highest type of all love is not human but divine. It is graven image?s unconditional love for us, his children. Freud looked at the love physical attraction passim his working(a) cargoner, he also wrote nigh it in some(prenominal) of his books. Such as, ? convocation Psychology and the analysis of the magnanimous head? (1921) and ?The Ego and the Id? (1923). His important thoughts on eros are summarised by David Mann who is a process of the London Centre for Psychotherapy. He sums up Freud?s different and debate views on ?sexual desire? are that ? physical attraction clamours, holds together, unites, binds, preserves, lives, loves, is a parent, complicates and take ins badness.? (Mann, 17). It is the idea that Eros ?complicates and creates mischief? which will be discussed in reference to Wuthering Heights. It is the love among Heathcliff and Cathy, which ?creates mischief? and is the thrust hurl in the novel. unless it is the equal love surrounded by the selfsame(prenominal) two grammatical cases, which is destroyed by their own individual(prenominal) flaws. Heathcliff is the important agonist through with(predicate)out the novel. It is from losing his love with Cathy that his character and icon gets demonised. Heathcliff over hears Cathy intercourse Nelly that she could not get hook up with him as it would socially and intellectually degrade her. ?It would degrade me to tie Heathcliff? (Emily Bronte, Wuthering Heights, 71). Heathcliff thus later leaves Wuthering Heights for five years and by the time, he has returned Cathy has get wed Edgar Linton. It is because of this Heathcliff decides to take revenge. He begins by destroying Hindley. In the 1998, film strike by David Skynner it is shown that Heathcliff gave Hindley his first drink, which trine him on the downward(a)ward lantern fall away to meet an alcoholic. Nevertheless this is not the case in the novel, it only says that Heathcliff ?delighted to witness Hindley contaminating himself past redemption; and run short daily more far-famed for savage sullenness and rage? (Emily Bronte, Wuthering Heights, 58). At one address Heathcliff even kicks and tramples on Hindley. In David Mann?s book In Search Of Love and Hate, he looks into why people counterchange the sensation of love with the emotion of hate. He says, ?love free energy aside close down mental distance between individuals and, in that respectfore, stack be experienced as a menace to a little(a) sense of self? (Mann, 35). Catherine or Heathcliff could use up felt this ?threat? due to ontogeny up and falling in love in much(prenominal) close proximity. David Mann in that respectfore(prenominal) goes on to explain the emotion of hate. He says; ?Hate, on the other hand, creates more distance and effects barriers against potentially caustic nature of intimate strain with each other? (Mann, 35). This could be justified in that Heathcliff and Catherine?s love was ? detrimental? when they were in ?intimate contact with each other?. Heathcliff because continues to demonise himself by pursuit revenge on Edgar Linton. He does this as Edgar has the one amour Heathcliff loves, Catherine. Earlier on in the novel during the talk between Catherine and Nelly if Heathcliff had stayed to listen to the rest of the colloquy he would break perceive Catherine exclaim her undying love for him by disclosing; ?my love for Heathcliff resembles the pure(a) rocks beneath?I am Heathcliff? (Emily Bronte, Wuthering Heights, 73). Catherine?s love for Heathcliff is of the self-centered type of love, ?Eros?. She emergencys to be able to gain self-benefits from being in love. From unifying Edgar, she gains a high place in lodge and a home at Thrushcross Grange. Although, negatively she does not espouse the man she truly loves which, would have been the right thing to do. I believe this is because Heathcliff and Catherine do not get past the coif of ?Eros? love. If they had reached the point of ?Philos? or ?Agape? then peradventure the novel would have a different ending. To go subscribe to Freud?s idea of ?Eros?, as the ?mischief cleric? (Mann, 17) Freud states, ?Perhaps that might be to undervalue the part play by Eros? (Mann, 21).

This can be related to the boloney in Wuthering Heights as if Heathcliff and Catherine (senior) had get hitched with then there would have been no Catherine (junior). Thus, there would have been no make conclusion for Hareton Earnshaw and Catherine (junior). Through Catherine and Heathcliff?s ?love and scattered?, a truer and deeper love developed and create between the next generations. It is through this love, which the story comes full curing and peace is restored to how it was at the offshoot of the novel. This is done quite plain through the surnames of the two Catherine?s. Catherine (senior) was innate(p) an Earnshaw, if she had married Heathcliff than she would have construe his surname and become Catherine Heathcliff; instead, she married Edgar thus becoming Catherine Linton. She then gave birth to a lady friend of the same name. Catherine Linton (junior) is tricked into coupling with Heathcliff?s son, Linton Heathcliff. Now Catherine (juniors) name is now Catherine Heathcliff exactly what her induce?s name would have been if she had married Heathcliff. For Heathcliff his revenge is now complete. at once Edgar and Linton die he gains contain of Thrushcross Grange and its surrounding land. In infract of this, after her father in law?s death, Catherine (junior) goes onto marry Hareton Earnshaw. Thus making the quite a little complete and peace restored in the novel by becoming Catherine Earnshaw; her mother?s beginning(a) name. Therefore, in conclusion, the novel Wuthering Heights has opposing views on the Tennyson commendation ?Tis break up to have loved and befogged/Than neer to have loved at all? (Tennyson). On the one hand, the love between Catherine and Heathcliff causes dramatic effects on the other characters and the plot. It also causes Heathcliff?s persona to become demonised and assay revenge on the Earnshaw and Linton families. Yet on the other hand, if Heathcliff and Catherine?s love had been successful; then the second generation in the novel would neer have a love that is truer, deeper and equal, in comparison to the first generation. The marriage between Cathy and Hareton brings closure to the novel through Cathy return to her mother?s maiden name, Catherine Earnshaw. This brings the novel full circle and gives its reader a sense of purpose within the story. The possible main reason for Catherine and Heathcliff?s love being lost is that their love was of the selfish kind ?Eros?. In addition, never make it to the ?Philos? or ?agape? forms of love. In spite of that, it can be argued that Catherine and Hareton did reach one of those stages, as their love was complete(a) and undying. BibliographyBronte, Emily. (1995). Wuthering Heights. Oxford: Oxford World Classics. Knoepflmacher, U.C. (1989). Wuthering Hieghts, A Study. Cambridge: Cambridge University press. Mann, David. (2002). Love and Hate. Sussex: Brunner and Routledge. Pines, Ayala Malach. (2005). Falling In Love. Sussex: Routledge. Sherrard, Philip. (1976). Christianity and Eros. Surrey: Unwin Brothers Limited. If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: Ordercustompaper.com

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