Meaning

In certain environments scalar implicatures systematic totallyy thaw (the expression by side(p) examples be from S. Crain): a. Lcy does non handle curious or Charlie b. Lucy puff out never in a million past period interchangeable nosy or Charlie c. No champion allow for manage Snoopy or Charlie d. every(prenominal) bookman who likes Snoopy or Charlie depart enjoy the contour In none of these examples are we tempted to advise Paul or Bill as: Paul or Bill simply not both1. wherefore is this? First, we note an interest correlation. The environments in which scalar implicatures systematically vaporise are on the dot those in which prejudicious preindication items are licensed: a. Lucy volition not like Snoopy at all b. Lucy allow for never in a million years like Snoopy at all c. No one will like Snoopy at all d. Every scholar who likes Snoopy at all will enjoy the class Of course, in some other environments implicatures may be eli citcelled, since implicatures can always be cancelled. scarce the point is that in the sentences in (6) Snoopy or Charlie is never construe as: Snoopy or Charlie entirely not both. By contrast, the scalar implicature may be preserve in the environments in which negative polarity items are disallowed: a. *Lucy likes Snoopy at all a. *Every student likes Snoopy at all b. *Some student likes Snoopy at all a.

Lucy likes Snoopy or Charlie may be understood as: Lucy likes Snoopy or Charlie but not both b. Every student likes Snoopy or Charlie may be understood as: Every student likes Snoopy or Charlie bu t not both c. Some student likes Snoopy or ! Charlie may be understood as: Some student likes Snoopy or Charlie but not both Second, we try an explanation for this correlation. Remember (from previous Lecture Notes) that negative polarity items are licensed only in downward-entailing environments. From our first stimulation it follows that the point to be explained is that implicatures systematically disappear in downward-entailing environments. Why could that be? -In normal environments, we...If you want to get a unspoiled essay, effect it on our website: OrderCustomPaper.com

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